TSMC reported 128.8 million tonnes of water withdrawal and 17% reclaimed-water substitution.
Water is a core constraint for advanced chipmaking, and TSMC’s own indicators are unusually concrete. The company reports total withdrawal, Taiwan reclaimed-water use, process-water recycling and a reclaimed-water substitution rate. This lets the page separate circular reuse from water intake. The graphic avoids implying that reclaimed water is a direct subset ratio of global withdrawal without notes.
Source 1: 2024 Sustainability Report: ESG Performance Summary
Publisher: TSMC
Dataset/table: ESG Performance Summary appendix
Units: GWh; million metric tons; percent
Date checked: 2026-05-14
Evidence: Supports TSMC 2024 energy consumption, electricity sourcing, water withdrawal and recycling indicators.
Note: Supports TSMC 2024 energy consumption, electricity sourcing, water withdrawal and recycling indicators.
TSMC’s official reclaimed-water substitution rate differs from a simple reclaimed/withdrawal ratio; use the official 17% as displayed.
Uses TSMC water indicators for 2022-2024; derived growth compares 2024 withdrawal with 2022 withdrawal.
All displayed water values come from TSMC’s ESG performance summary.
TSMC Taiwan and Overseas Fab Footprint, 2025
Annual report lists 9 Taiwan fabrication plants (fabs), 5 overseas, and 17 million+ wafers.
TSMC Income Tax Expense Versus Taiwan Tax Revenue, 2025
TSMC’s NT$326.3B tax expense was 28.4% of profit-seeking enterprise income tax.
TSMC electricity use versus Taiwan demand
TSMC bought 25.6 terawatt-hours (TWh), about 9.0% of Taiwan’s 2024 electricity use.