Germany was the deepest deficit among four major EU members in 2025.
Europe is not a single trade pattern for Taiwan. Germany carries the deepest industrial import deficit, while the Netherlands appears as a large export destination partly because of European logistics. Separating exports, imports and balance by member helps show whether Taiwan’s European exposure is demand-driven, supply-driven or port-routed.
Source 1: Trade Statistics by Country and Commodity
Publisher: International Trade Administration / Customs Administration, Ministry of Finance, R.O.C. (Taiwan)
Dataset/table: Country and commodity trade statistics, 2025
Units: US dollars; exports/imports
Date checked: 2026-05-14
Evidence: Official route for country-level exports/imports and commodity-by-country values; some country values use the supplied deep-research extraction from the MOF workbook.
Note: Official route for country-level exports/imports and commodity-by-country values; some country values use the supplied deep-research extraction from the MOF workbook.
Source 2: EU trade relations with Taiwan
Publisher: European Commission DG Trade
Dataset/table: EU-Taiwan goods trade 2025
Units: euro; goods trade; exports/imports/balance
Date checked: 2026-05-14
Evidence: Reports EU-Taiwan 2025 goods trade total, EU exports, EU imports and EU deficit.
Note: Reports EU-Taiwan 2025 goods trade total, EU exports, EU imports and EU deficit.
Source 3: International trade in goods - Statistics Explained
Publisher: Eurostat
Dataset/table: EU trade statistics methodology context
Units: methodology note
Date checked: 2026-05-14
Evidence: Explains the Rotterdam effect caveat relevant to Netherlands trade interpretation.
Note: Explains the Rotterdam effect caveat relevant to Netherlands trade interpretation.
Values are goods trade in current U.S. dollars. Netherlands values should be interpreted with port/logistics caution rather than as pure final demand.
Use the 2025 MOF country trade workbook values extracted in the supplied research dossier. Balance equals exports minus imports. EU aggregate context is checked against DG Trade; Netherlands interpretation carries the Rotterdam-effect caveat.
Country-level U.S.-dollar rows use the MOF country workbook extraction; EU aggregate euro values are context only.
Taiwan top-country trade-balance map without map
In 2025 Taiwan ran a US$150.1B surplus with the U.S. and a US$37.0B deficit with Korea.
Taiwan goods trade-deficit categories, 2025
Mineral fuels were Taiwan’s largest product trade deficit.
Taiwan ASEAN partner concentration, 2025
Top-three partners made up 80.9% of Taiwan exports to ASEAN in 2025.